Short synthetic analog of dsRNA, size 25 mg. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double stranded RNA (dsRNA), a molecular pattern associated with viral infection. Both natural and synthetic dsRNAs are known to induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production. Poly(I:C) is recognized by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) [1, 2]. Upon poly(I:C) recognition, TLR3 activates the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), through the adapter protein Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-b (TRIF, also known as TICAM-1) [3]. Activation of IRF3 leads to the production of type I IFNs, especially IFN-b. A second pathway involves the recruitment of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) or receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1), with the subsequent activation of the transcription factors NF-B and AP-1 [4].